Monotherapy or adjunct treatment for focal seizure which may then generalise. It is quite commonly used due to its relatively good side effect profile and efficacy.
Levetiracetam was accidentally discovered to have antiepileptic properties and is an analogue of Piracetam (occasionally used for the treatment of cortical myoclonus). It is an effective anticonvulant but little is known about its mode of action - it does not increase GABA in the brain or have an effect of ion channels. It does appear to bind to a synaptic vesicle protein SV2A which may impede nerve conduction across synapses.
Oral or IV.
- Psychiatric disturbance - aggression, agitation, depression
- Abdominal pain
- Nausea and vomiting and anorexia
- Drowsiness
- Tremor and hyperkinesias
However, it is generally a well tolerated medication.
Case reports describe reduced methotrexate clearance when administered with levetiracetam, resulting in methotrexate toxicity. Therefore regular full blood counts are recommended if using these medicines together.
Only withdraw Levetiracetam under a doctor's supervision.
Nil relevant.
