Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (when adequate glycaemic control has not been achieved through other antidiabetic drugs)
GLP-1 agonists act by mimicking the action of GLP-1, which causes increased insulin secretion, reduced glucagon secretion and slows gastric emptying. These are resistant to enzymatic degradation so have a much greater biological half-life.
Subcutaneous injection.
- Gastrointestinal upset
- Pancreatitis
- Injection site reactions
- Anaphylaxis
Can cause hypoglycaemia.
Tend to reduce weight, which may be beneficial, but may be problematic if too rapid.
Combination therapy with other anti-diabetic drugs may increase the risk of hypoglycaemia.
Patient education should include explanations about hypoglycaemia and how to recognise / manage it.
Patients should be warned about the risk of pancreatitis and advised to seek medical help if they develop symptoms.
Patients on other medications should be informed that oral medications should be taken 1 hour before or 4 hours after injection and what to do with missed doses.
Nil of note.
