Maintenance Fluids

Not all fluid therapy is intravenous!

25-30 ml / kg / day of water (~2 litres for 70kg adult)

Approx. 1 mmol / kg / day of K, Na & Cl

50-100 g / day of glucose to limit starvation ketosis.

Click the yes/no boxes to reveal the flowchart.

Using an ABCDE (Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, Exposure) approach, assess whether the patient is hypovolaemic and needs fluid resuscitation Assess volume status taking into account clinical examination, trends and context. Indicators that a patient may need fluid resuscitation include: systolic BP <100mmHg; heart rate >90bpm; capillary refill >2s or peripheries cold to touch; respiratory rate >20 breaths per min; NEWS >= 5; 45 degree passive leg raising suggests fluid responsiveness.YesNo