a-short-review-of-histology

Trachea Epithelium:

The epithelium is characterised as a pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells
It is also known, informally, as respiratory epithelium
Examine the luminal surface of the epithelium and notice the extensive cilia which project into the lumen
These beat to remove mucus from the respiratory tract and carry it towards the pharynx from where it can be swallowed, or spat out
Between the ciliated cells are mucous secreting goblet cells
These contribute to the mucus covering the cilia
Mucus helps to trap particulate material as well as humidifying the air
In the epithelial layer you can see numerous nuclei lying towards the basal surface of the epithelium
Most of these are the nuclei of stem cells which can proliferate and then differentiate to form either mucus cells or ciliated cells

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Micrograph of Trachea Epithelium:

This micrograph shows the epithelium lining the majority of the upper respiratory tract including the trachea and extrapulmonary bronchi