Question 7: Features and Presentation of Cauda Equina Syndrome

Compression of the cauda equina will typically present with lower motor neurone symptoms in the legs

This includes areflexia, hypotonia and muscle weakness

In cases of chronic cord compression there may be muscle atrophy

Faecal incontinence is a very late sign

Other features of CES include:

  • Back pain and sciatica
  • Weakness and changes in sensation in the lower extremities
  • Acute urinary retention (followed by incontinence)
  • Decreased anal tone and reduced perineal sensation

What causes cauda equina syndrome?