PINE Study | The Institute of Applied Health Sciences

PINE Study

P.I.N.E. Based in Aberdeen, Scotland, the Parkinsonism Incidence in North-East (PINE) study is a large population-based incidence cohort of Parkinson's disease and other forms of parkinsonism which is generating robust data to better understand how people are affected by these conditions.

Key features:

One of the largest incidence cohorts worldwide (201 patients with Parkinson's disease, 114 with other forms of parkinsonism)
Derived from incidence study with high consent rate to follow-up (94%) resulting in a population-representative cohort
Very few losses to follow-up (e.g. >99% ascertainment of death and dementia)
Participants are seen annually (at home if needed)
Carer and matched control cohorts
Wide range of demographic, clinical, genetic, and imaging data
High rate of pathological diagnostic confirmation

Current Team

Dr Carl Counsell (Reader (Clinical) in Neurology, Principal Investigator)
Dr Angus Macleod (Senior Clinical Lecturer in Neurology)
Dr Diane Swallow (SCREDS Clinical lecturer in Neurology)
Hazel Forbes (Research nurse)

Key Publications

Caslake R, Taylor K, Scott N, Harris C, Gordon J, Wilde K, Murray A, Counsell C. Age-, and gender-specific incidence of vascular parkinsonism, progressive supranuclear palsy, and parkinsonian-type multiple system atrophy in North East Scotland: The PINE study. Park Rel Dis 2014;20:834-839. doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2014.04.013
Scott NW, Macleod AD, Counsell CE. Motor complications in an incident Parkinson's disease cohort. Eur J Neurol 2016;23:304-312. doi:10.1111/ene.12751
Sleeman I, Chung Che Z, Counsell CE. Risk of fracture amongst patients with Parkinson's disease and other forms of parkinsonism. Park Rel Dis 2016;29:60-65. doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2016.05.026
Lunde KA, Chung J, Dalen I, Pedersen KF, Linder J, Domellöf ME, Elgh E, MacLeod AD, Tzoulis C, Larsen JP, Tysnes O-B, Forsgren L, Counsell CE, Alves G, Maple-Grødem J. Association of GBA polymorphisms and mutations with dementia in incident Parkinson's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2018;14:1293-1301. Doi: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.04.006
Caslake R, Taylor K, Scott N, Gordon J, Harris C, Wilde K, Murray A, Counsell C. Age-, gender-, and socioeconomic status-specific incidence of Parkinson's disease and parkinsonism in northeast Scotland: the PINE study. Parkinsonism and Related Disorders. 2013;19(5):515-21.
Fielding S, Macleod AD, Counsell CE. Medium-term prognosis of an incident cohort of parkinsonian patients compared to controls. Parkinsonism and Related Disorders. 2016;32:36-41.
Macleod AD, Counsell CE. Predictors of functional dependency in Parkinson's disease. Movement Disorders. 2016;31(10):1482-8.
Cumming K, Macleod AD, Myint PK, Counsell CE. Early weight loss in parkinsonism predicts poor outcomes: Evidence from an incident cohort study. Neurology. 2017;89(22):2254-61.
Macleod AD, Dalen I, Tysnes OB, Larsen JP, Counsell CE. Development and validation of prognostic survival models in newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease. Movement Disorders. 2018;33(1):108-16.
Maple-Grødem J, Dalen I, Tysnes OB, Macleod AD, Forsgren L, Counsell CE, Alves G. Association of GBA Genotype With Motor and Functional Decline in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Parkinson Disease. Neurology. 2021;96(7):1036-1044.

Funders

The PINE study has been funded by Parkinson's UK, the Scottish Chief Scientist Office, the Academy of Medical Sciences, the BMA Doris Hillier award, RS Macdonald Trust, the BUPA Foundation, NHS Grampian endowments and SPRING.

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